数据库系统原理与实践——完成第四次作业
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								数据库系统原理与实践/平时作业/第四次作业.tex
									
									
									
									
									
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								数据库系统原理与实践/平时作业/第四次作业.tex
									
									
									
									
									
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\documentclass[全部作业]{subfiles}
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\input{mysubpreamble}
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\begin{document}
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\setcounter{chapter}{3}
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\chapter{第四次作业}
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\begin{enumerate}
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    \item \choice[1]{关于视图的操作,下列哪条语句是正确的?
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    A
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    可以使用 UPDATE 语句更新视图中的任意数据
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    B
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    如果视图包含聚合函数,则该视图是不可(插入)更新的
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    C
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    删除基表不会影响视图
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    D
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    视图是只读的,不能对其执行 DELETE 操作
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    }{2}
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    \item \choice[1]{如果在 SQL 查询中使用右外连接(RIGHT OUTER JOIN),并且右表中某些记录没有与左表中的记录匹配,那么:
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    A
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    右表中没有匹配的记录将被过滤掉
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    B
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    右表中的记录将显示 NULL
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    C
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    右表中的记录将完整保留,左表没有匹配的记录会显示 NULL
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    D
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    查询将无法执行
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    }{3}
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    \item \choice[1]{给定以下 SQL 语句:
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    CREATE VIEW employee_view AS
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    SELECT id, name, department
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    FROM employees
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    WHERE department = 'Sales';
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    该语句的作用是?
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    A
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    创建一个名为 employee_view 的物理表
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    B
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    创建一个包含所有员工信息的物理表
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    C
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    创建一个只包含销售部门员工的虚拟表
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    D
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    修改现有的员工表以只包含销售部门员工}{3}
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    \item \choice[1]{以下哪个 SQL 语句可以删除视图?
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    A
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    DELETE VIEW view_name;
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    B
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    DROP VIEW view_name;
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    C
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    REMOVE VIEW view_name;
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    D
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    ERASE VIEW view_name;
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    }{2}
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    \item \choice[1]{假设有两张表,销售记录表 sales 和员工表 employees,要求查询出所有员工的姓名以及他们的销售记录,如果某个员工没有销售记录,销售记录应显示为 NULL。以下哪个 SQL 语句是正确的?
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    A
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    \mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees LEFT OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
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    B
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    \mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees RIGHT OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
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    C
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    \mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees FULL OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
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    D
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    \mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees INNER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
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    }{1}
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        上机题1:查询个人客户(individual)中“吕东”所有办理的业务信息。(输出:身份证号、姓名全名、客户编号、账户编号、开户行名称、可用余额、产品名称、产品类型名称);
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注意:客户全名可用CONCAT关键字,CONCAT(str1,str2,…)。
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    }{}
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    {
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        \begin{minted}{SQL}
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select ID_NUMBER                     身份证号,
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       concat(LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME) 姓名全名,
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       CUST_ID                       客户编号,
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       ACCOUNT_ID                    账户编号,
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       branch.NAME                   开户行名称,
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       account.AVAIL_BALANCE         可用余额,
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       product.NAME                  产品名称,
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       product_type.NAME             产品类型名称
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from individual
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         left join account using (CUST_ID)
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         left join branch on account.OPEN_BRANCH_ID = branch.BRANCH_ID
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         left join product using (PRODUCT_CD)
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         left join product_type using (PRODUCT_TYPE_CD)
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where concat(LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME) = "吕东";
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        \end{minted}
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        \scriptsize\begin{csv}
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,身份证号,姓名全名,客户编号,账户编号,开户行名称,可用余额,产品名称,产品类型名称
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1,450881196612220768,吕东,4,10,上海市总行,59934.1200,个人活期储蓄账户,存款
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2,450881196612220768,吕东,4,11,上海市总行,650600.0000,个人定期存款账户,存款
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3,450881196612220768,吕东,4,12,上海市总行,67800.0000,个人通知存款账户,存款
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        \end{csv}
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    }
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        上机题2:创建视图,查询客户(customer)表,列出所有客户的姓名全名、及其在单位的职位名称(title)(提示:对私客户职位为NULL)。(输出:全名,职位名称)。
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注意:可使用CASE关键字处理对公对私客户,CASE [column_name] WHEN [value1] THEN [result1]... ELSE [default] END。
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    }{}
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    {
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        \begin{minted}{SQL}
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create view 视图1 as
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select (case CUST_TYPE_CD
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            when 'B' then concat(officer.LAST_NAME, officer.FIRST_NAME)
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            else concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) end) as 姓名全名,
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       (case CUST_TYPE_CD when 'B' then TITLE else NULL end)              as 职位名称
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from customer
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         left join individual using (CUST_ID)
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         left join officer using (CUST_ID);
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        \end{minted}
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        \begin{csv}
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,姓名全名,职位名称
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1,尤青,
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2,许文强,
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3,何婕,
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4,吕东,
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5,施珊珊,
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6,张晓,
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7,孔庆东,
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8,曹方,
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9,严匡,
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10,华哨,校长
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11,金歌,董事长
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12,魏俊杰,董事长
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13,陶海桥,董事长
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        \end{csv}
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    }
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        上机题3:查询各个银行中余额最多的账户的客户信息。(输出:银行名称、姓名全名、账户余额) 
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在account表中插入一条测试元组:
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insert into account values (30, 2000000, null, null, '2022-10-12', '正常', 5, 2, 15, 'CS');
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提示:需要处理银行中余额最多的不止一个客户的情况。
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    }{}
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    {
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        % 怎么感觉这么复杂,是不是哪里弄错了
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        \begin{minted}{SQL}
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insert into account
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values (30, 2000000, null, null, '2022-10-12', '正常', 5, 2, 15, 'CS');
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select branch.NAME                                                        银行名称,
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        (case CUST_TYPE_CD
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            when 'B' then concat(officer.LAST_NAME, officer.FIRST_NAME)
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            else concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) end) 姓名全名,
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        account.AVAIL_BALANCE                                              账户余额
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from (select account.ACCOUNT_ID, OPEN_BRANCH_ID, AVAIL_BALANCE, max_avail_balance
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        from account
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                join
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            (select OPEN_BRANCH_ID, max(AVAIL_BALANCE) as max_avail_balance
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            from account
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            group by OPEN_BRANCH_ID) as b using (OPEN_BRANCH_ID)
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        where AVAIL_BALANCE = max_avail_balance) as abAI
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            left join branch on BRANCH_ID = OPEN_BRANCH_ID
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            left join account using (ACCOUNT_ID)
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            left join individual using (CUST_ID)
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            left join officer using (CUST_ID)
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            left join customer using (CUST_ID);
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        \end{minted}
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        \begin{csv}
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,银行名称,姓名全名,账户余额
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1,上海市总行,张晓,3330000.0000
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2,建国支行,许文强,2000000.0000
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3,建国支行,施珊珊,2000000.0000
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4,南京分行,何婕,650000.0000
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5,杭州分行,施珊珊,340023.0000
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        \end{csv}
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    }
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        上机题4:查询所有同时办理了产品编号为“CS”和“RS”的个人客户(individual表)的身份证号(ID_NUMBER)和姓名全名。(输出:ID_NUMBER,全名)。 
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要求:使用NOT EXISTS进行包含关系查询。
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    }{}
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    {
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        \begin{minted}{SQL}
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select individual.ID_NUMBER 身份证号, concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) 姓名全名
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from individual
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where not exists(select *
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                    from account
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                    where PRODUCT_CD != 'CS' and PRODUCT_CD != 'RS' and account.CUST_ID = individual.CUST_ID);
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        \end{minted}
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        \begin{csv}
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,身份证号,姓名全名
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1,41032619780815564X,许文强
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2,370900196802069281,何婕
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3,320623197108259227,施珊珊
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4,321111197703197600,孔庆东
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        \end{csv}
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    }
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        上机题5:查询所有不在2013年(例如在2011、2019年等)有交易记录的账户编号(ACCOUNT_ID)。(输出:账户编号)
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要求:需要用外连接来写该查询语句;
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注意:某些账户可能在2011、2013年都有交易记录,但只要在2013年有一条交易记录的账户都会被排除在结果集之外。
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    }{}
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    {\kaishu
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        这题表述不清啊,是指“在2011、2019年等有交易记录”呢?还是“在2013年没有交易记录”呢?还是两个条件都要?
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        那么暂且认为是“在2013年没有交易记录”吧,也就是这样:
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        \begin{csv}
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,2013年有交易记录,2013年无交易记录
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其他年有交易记录,不要,要
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其他年无交易记录,不要,要
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        \end{csv}
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        \begin{minted}{SQL}
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select ACCOUNT_ID
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from account
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            left join (select *
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                    from acc_transaction
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                    where year(TXN_DATE) != 2013) as not2013 using (ACCOUNT_ID)
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where TXN_DATE is not null;
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        \end{minted}
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        \begin{csv}
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,ACCOUNT_ID
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1,4
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2,5
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3,18
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4,19
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5,21
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6,28
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7,10
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8,17
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9,13
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10,29
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11,27
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12,3
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13,23
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14,12
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15,22
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16,15
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17,28            
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        \end{csv}
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    }
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    \questionandanswer[]{
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        教材3.11: 使用大学University数据库模式,请用SQL写出如下查询。
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a.找出至少选修了一门Comp. Sci.课程的每名学生的ID和姓名,保证结果中没有重复的姓名。
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b.找出没有选修2017年之前开设的任何课程的每名学生的ID和姓名。
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c.找出每个系的教师的最高工资值。可以假设每个系至少有一位教师。
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d.从前述查询所计算出的每个系的最高工资中选出所有系中的最低值。
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    }{}
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    {\kaishu
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        \begin{enumerate}
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            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
    select distinct ID, name
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		||||
    from course
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		||||
             left join takes using (course_id)
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		||||
             left join student using (ID)
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             left join department on course.dept_name = department.dept_name
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		||||
    where course.dept_name = "Comp. Sci.";
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		||||
            \end{minted}
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            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
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		||||
    select ID, name
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    from student
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    where not exists(select *
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		||||
                     from takes
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		||||
                     where takes.ID = student.ID and year < 2017);
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		||||
            \end{minted}
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            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
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    select dept_name, max(salary)
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    from instructor
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		||||
    group by dept_name;
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		||||
            \end{minted}
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		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
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		||||
    with a as (select dept_name, max(salary) max_salary
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		||||
               from instructor
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		||||
               group by dept_name)
 | 
			
		||||
    select *
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		||||
    from a
 | 
			
		||||
    where max_salary = (select min(max_salary)
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		||||
                        from a);
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{enumerate}
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		||||
    }
 | 
			
		||||
    \begin{figure}
 | 
			
		||||
        \centering
 | 
			
		||||
        \includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{imgs/2024-10-19-09-53-31.png}
 | 
			
		||||
        \caption{大学数据库的模式图}
 | 
			
		||||
    \end{figure}
 | 
			
		||||
    \begin{verification}
 | 
			
		||||
        教材的前言中介绍了官网:\url{https://db-book.com/},官网上可以下载示例数据:\url{https://db-book.com/university-lab-dir/sample_tables-dir/index.html},于是可以验证了。
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
select distinct ID, name
 | 
			
		||||
from course
 | 
			
		||||
         left join takes using (course_id)
 | 
			
		||||
         left join student using (ID)
 | 
			
		||||
         left join department on course.dept_name = department.dept_name
 | 
			
		||||
where course.dept_name = "Comp. Sci.";
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
select ID, name
 | 
			
		||||
from student
 | 
			
		||||
where not exists(select *
 | 
			
		||||
                 from takes
 | 
			
		||||
                 where takes.ID = student.ID
 | 
			
		||||
                   and year < 2017);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
select dept_name, max(salary)
 | 
			
		||||
from instructor
 | 
			
		||||
group by dept_name;
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
with a as (select dept_name, max(salary) max_salary
 | 
			
		||||
           from instructor
 | 
			
		||||
           group by dept_name)
 | 
			
		||||
select *
 | 
			
		||||
from a
 | 
			
		||||
where max_salary = (select min(max_salary)
 | 
			
		||||
                    from a);
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
,ID,name
 | 
			
		||||
1,00128,Zhang
 | 
			
		||||
2,12345,Shankar
 | 
			
		||||
3,45678,Levy
 | 
			
		||||
4,54321,Williams
 | 
			
		||||
5,76543,Brown
 | 
			
		||||
6,98765,Bourikas
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
,ID,name
 | 
			
		||||
1,00128,Zhang
 | 
			
		||||
2,12345,Shankar
 | 
			
		||||
3,19991,Brandt
 | 
			
		||||
4,23121,Chavez
 | 
			
		||||
5,44553,Peltier
 | 
			
		||||
6,45678,Levy
 | 
			
		||||
7,54321,Williams
 | 
			
		||||
8,55739,Sanchez
 | 
			
		||||
9,70557,Snow
 | 
			
		||||
10,76543,Brown
 | 
			
		||||
11,76653,Aoi
 | 
			
		||||
12,98765,Bourikas
 | 
			
		||||
13,98988,Tanaka
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
,dept_name,max(salary)
 | 
			
		||||
1,Biology,72000.00
 | 
			
		||||
2,Comp. Sci.,92000.00
 | 
			
		||||
3,Elec. Eng.,80000.00
 | 
			
		||||
4,Finance,90000.00
 | 
			
		||||
5,History,62000.00
 | 
			
		||||
6,Music,40000.00
 | 
			
		||||
7,Physics,95000.00
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
,dept_name,max_salary
 | 
			
		||||
1,Music,40000.00
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{csv}
 | 
			
		||||
    \end{verification}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
    \questionandanswer[]{
 | 
			
		||||
        教材3.16:考虑图 \ref{fig:3-19} 中的雇员数据库,其中主码被加了下划线。请给出下面每个查询的SQL表达式
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
a.找出每位这样的雇员的ID和姓名:该雇员所居住的城市与其工作的公司所在城市一样。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
b.找出所居住的城市和街道与其经理相同的每位雇员的ID和姓名。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
c.找出工资高于其所在公司所有雇员平均工资的每位雇员的ID和姓名。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
d.找出工资总和最小的公司。
 | 
			
		||||
    }{}
 | 
			
		||||
    \begin{figure}
 | 
			
		||||
        \centering
 | 
			
		||||
        \includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{imgs/2024-10-19-14-28-27.png}
 | 
			
		||||
        \caption{雇员数据库}\label{fig:3-19}
 | 
			
		||||
    \end{figure}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
    {\kaishu
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{enumerate}
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
select ID, person_name
 | 
			
		||||
from employee
 | 
			
		||||
         join works using (ID)
 | 
			
		||||
         join company using (company_name)
 | 
			
		||||
where employee.city = company.city;
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
select subordinate.ID, subordinate.person_name
 | 
			
		||||
from manages
 | 
			
		||||
         join employee as subordinate using (ID)
 | 
			
		||||
         join employee as superior on manages.manager_id = superior.ID
 | 
			
		||||
where superior.street = subordinate.street
 | 
			
		||||
  and superior.city = subordinate.city;
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
-- 这里假设employee.ID <--> works.ID 是一一对应的关系
 | 
			
		||||
select ID, person_name
 | 
			
		||||
from works
 | 
			
		||||
         join (select company_name, avg(salary) as avg_salary
 | 
			
		||||
               from works
 | 
			
		||||
               group by company_name) as a using (company_name)
 | 
			
		||||
         join employee using (ID)
 | 
			
		||||
where works.salary > a.avg_salary;
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
with a as (select company_name, sum(salary) as sum_salary
 | 
			
		||||
           from company
 | 
			
		||||
                    join works using (company_name)
 | 
			
		||||
           group by company_name)
 | 
			
		||||
select company_name
 | 
			
		||||
from a
 | 
			
		||||
where sum_salary = (select min(sum_salary) from a);
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{enumerate}
 | 
			
		||||
    }
 | 
			
		||||
    \questionandanswer[]{
 | 
			
		||||
        教材3.17:考虑图 \ref{fig:3-19} 中的雇员数据库。请给出下面每个查询的SQL表达式。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
a.为“First Bank Corporation"的所有雇员增长10\%的工资。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
b.为“First Bank Corporation”的所有经理增长10\%的工资。
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
c.删除“Small Bank Corporation"的雇员在works关系中的所有元组。
 | 
			
		||||
    }{}
 | 
			
		||||
    {\kaishu
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{enumerate}
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
update works
 | 
			
		||||
set salary = salary * 1.1
 | 
			
		||||
where company_name = "First Bank Corporation";
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
update works
 | 
			
		||||
join manages on works.ID = manages.manager_id
 | 
			
		||||
set salary = salary * 1.1
 | 
			
		||||
where company_name = "First Bank Corporation";
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
            \item \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
delete from works
 | 
			
		||||
where company_name = "Small Bank Corporation";
 | 
			
		||||
            \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{enumerate}
 | 
			
		||||
    }
 | 
			
		||||
    \questionandanswer[]{
 | 
			
		||||
        教材3.18:请给出图 \ref{fig:3-19} 的雇员数据库的SQL模式定义。为每个属性选择合适的域,并为每个关系模式选择合适的主码。引人任何合理的外码约束。
 | 
			
		||||
    }{}
 | 
			
		||||
    {\kaishu
 | 
			
		||||
        \begin{minted}{SQL}
 | 
			
		||||
create table employee
 | 
			
		||||
(
 | 
			
		||||
    ID          varchar(10) primary key,
 | 
			
		||||
    person_name varchar(100),
 | 
			
		||||
    street      varchar(100),
 | 
			
		||||
    city        varchar(100)
 | 
			
		||||
);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
create table works
 | 
			
		||||
(
 | 
			
		||||
    ID           varchar(10) primary key,
 | 
			
		||||
    company_name varchar(100),
 | 
			
		||||
    salary       decimal(8, 2)
 | 
			
		||||
);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
create table company
 | 
			
		||||
(
 | 
			
		||||
    company_name varchar(100) primary key,
 | 
			
		||||
    city         varchar(100)
 | 
			
		||||
);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
create table manages
 | 
			
		||||
(
 | 
			
		||||
    ID         varchar(10) primary key,
 | 
			
		||||
    manager_id varchar(10)
 | 
			
		||||
);
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
alter table works
 | 
			
		||||
    add (foreign key (company_name) references company (company_name),
 | 
			
		||||
         foreign key (ID) references employee (ID));
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
alter table manages
 | 
			
		||||
    add (foreign key (manager_id) references employee (ID),
 | 
			
		||||
         foreign key (ID) references employee (ID));
 | 
			
		||||
        \end{minted}
 | 
			
		||||
    }
 | 
			
		||||
\end{enumerate}
 | 
			
		||||
 | 
			
		||||
\end{document}
 | 
			
		||||
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