SchoolWork-LaTeX/数据库系统原理与实践/平时作业/第四次作业.tex

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\documentclass[全部作业]{subfiles}
\input{mysubpreamble}
\begin{document}
\setcounter{chapter}{3}
\chapter{第四次作业}
\begin{enumerate}
\item \choice[1]{关于视图的操作,下列哪条语句是正确的?
A
可以使用 UPDATE 语句更新视图中的任意数据
B
如果视图包含聚合函数,则该视图是不可(插入)更新的
C
删除基表不会影响视图
D
视图是只读的,不能对其执行 DELETE 操作
}{2}
\item \choice[1]{如果在 SQL 查询中使用右外连接RIGHT OUTER JOIN并且右表中某些记录没有与左表中的记录匹配那么
A
右表中没有匹配的记录将被过滤掉
B
右表中的记录将显示 NULL
C
右表中的记录将完整保留,左表没有匹配的记录会显示 NULL
D
查询将无法执行
}{3}
\item \choice[1]{给定以下 SQL 语句:
CREATE VIEW employee_view AS
SELECT id, name, department
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales';
该语句的作用是?
A
创建一个名为 employee_view 的物理表
B
创建一个包含所有员工信息的物理表
C
创建一个只包含销售部门员工的虚拟表
D
修改现有的员工表以只包含销售部门员工}{3}
\item \choice[1]{以下哪个 SQL 语句可以删除视图?
A
DELETE VIEW view_name;
B
DROP VIEW view_name;
C
REMOVE VIEW view_name;
D
ERASE VIEW view_name;
}{2}
\item \choice[1]{假设有两张表,销售记录表 sales 和员工表 employees要求查询出所有员工的姓名以及他们的销售记录如果某个员工没有销售记录销售记录应显示为 NULL。以下哪个 SQL 语句是正确的?
A
\mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees LEFT OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
B
\mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees RIGHT OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
C
\mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees FULL OUTER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
D
\mint{SQL}|SELECT employees.employee_name, sales.sale_amount FROM employees INNER JOIN sales ON employees.employee_id = sales.employee_id;|
}{1}
\questionandanswer[]{
上机题1查询个人客户individual中“吕东”所有办理的业务信息。输出身份证号、姓名全名、客户编号、账户编号、开户行名称、可用余额、产品名称、产品类型名称
注意客户全名可用CONCAT关键字CONCAT(str1,str2,…)。
}{}
{
\begin{minted}{SQL}
select ID_NUMBER 身份证号,
concat(LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME) 姓名全名,
CUST_ID 客户编号,
ACCOUNT_ID 账户编号,
branch.NAME 开户行名称,
account.AVAIL_BALANCE 可用余额,
product.NAME 产品名称,
product_type.NAME 产品类型名称
from individual
left join account using (CUST_ID)
left join branch on account.OPEN_BRANCH_ID = branch.BRANCH_ID
left join product using (PRODUCT_CD)
left join product_type using (PRODUCT_TYPE_CD)
where concat(LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME) = "吕东";
\end{minted}
\scriptsize\begin{csv}
,身份证号,姓名全名,客户编号,账户编号,开户行名称,可用余额,产品名称,产品类型名称
1,450881196612220768,吕东,4,10,上海市总行,59934.1200,个人活期储蓄账户,存款
2,450881196612220768,吕东,4,11,上海市总行,650600.0000,个人定期存款账户,存款
3,450881196612220768,吕东,4,12,上海市总行,67800.0000,个人通知存款账户,存款
\end{csv}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
上机题2创建视图查询客户customer列出所有客户的姓名全名、及其在单位的职位名称title(提示对私客户职位为NULL)。(输出:全名,职位名称)。
注意可使用CASE关键字处理对公对私客户CASE [column_name] WHEN [value1] THEN [result1]... ELSE [default] END。
}{}
{
\begin{minted}{SQL}
create view 视图1 as
select (case CUST_TYPE_CD
when 'B' then concat(officer.LAST_NAME, officer.FIRST_NAME)
else concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) end) as 姓名全名,
(case CUST_TYPE_CD when 'B' then TITLE else NULL end) as 职位名称
from customer
left join individual using (CUST_ID)
left join officer using (CUST_ID);
\end{minted}
\begin{csv}
,姓名全名,职位名称
1,尤青,
2,许文强,
3,何婕,
4,吕东,
5,施珊珊,
6,张晓,
7,孔庆东,
8,曹方,
9,严匡,
10,华哨,校长
11,金歌,董事长
12,魏俊杰,董事长
13,陶海桥,董事长
\end{csv}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
上机题3查询各个银行中余额最多的账户的客户信息。输出银行名称、姓名全名、账户余额
在account表中插入一条测试元组
insert into account values (30, 2000000, null, null, '2022-10-12', '正常', 5, 2, 15, 'CS');
提示:需要处理银行中余额最多的不止一个客户的情况。
}{}
{
% 怎么感觉这么复杂,是不是哪里弄错了
\begin{minted}{SQL}
insert into account
values (30, 2000000, null, null, '2022-10-12', '正常', 5, 2, 15, 'CS');
select branch.NAME 银行名称,
(case CUST_TYPE_CD
when 'B' then concat(officer.LAST_NAME, officer.FIRST_NAME)
else concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) end) 姓名全名,
account.AVAIL_BALANCE 账户余额
from (select account.ACCOUNT_ID, OPEN_BRANCH_ID, AVAIL_BALANCE, max_avail_balance
from account
join
(select OPEN_BRANCH_ID, max(AVAIL_BALANCE) as max_avail_balance
from account
group by OPEN_BRANCH_ID) as b using (OPEN_BRANCH_ID)
where AVAIL_BALANCE = max_avail_balance) as abAI
left join branch on BRANCH_ID = OPEN_BRANCH_ID
left join account using (ACCOUNT_ID)
left join individual using (CUST_ID)
left join officer using (CUST_ID)
left join customer using (CUST_ID);
\end{minted}
\begin{csv}
,银行名称,姓名全名,账户余额
1,上海市总行,张晓,3330000.0000
2,建国支行,许文强,2000000.0000
3,建国支行,施珊珊,2000000.0000
4,南京分行,何婕,650000.0000
5,杭州分行,施珊珊,340023.0000
\end{csv}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
上机题4查询所有同时办理了产品编号为“CS”和“RS”的个人客户individual表的身份证号ID_NUMBER和姓名全名。输出ID_NUMBER全名
要求使用NOT EXISTS进行包含关系查询。
}{}
{
\begin{minted}{SQL}
select individual.ID_NUMBER 身份证号, concat(individual.LAST_NAME, individual.FIRST_NAME) 姓名全名
from individual
where not not exists(select * from account where PRODUCT_CD = 'CS' and account.CUST_ID = individual.CUST_ID)
and not not exists(select * from account where PRODUCT_CD = 'RS' and account.CUST_ID = individual.CUST_ID);
\end{minted}
\begin{csv}
,身份证号,姓名全名
1,350403198204222299,尤青
2,41032619780815564X,许文强
3,370900196802069281,何婕
4,450881196612220768,吕东
5,320623197806169227,严匡
6,320623197108259227,施珊珊
\end{csv}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
上机题5查询所有不在2013年例如在2011、2019年等有交易记录的账户编号ACCOUNT_ID输出账户编号
要求:需要用外连接来写该查询语句;
注意某些账户可能在2011、2013年都有交易记录但只要在2013年有一条交易记录的账户都会被排除在结果集之外。
}{}
{\kaishu
这题表述不清啊是指“在2011、2019年等有交易记录”呢还是“在2013年没有交易记录”呢还是两个条件都要
那么暂且认为是“在2013年没有交易记录”吧也就是这样
\begin{csv}
,2013年有交易记录,2013年无交易记录
其他年有交易记录,不要,要
其他年无交易记录,不要,要
\end{csv}
\begin{minted}{SQL}
select account.ACCOUNT_ID
from account
left join (select ACCOUNT_ID
from acc_transaction
where year(TXN_DATE) = 2013) as _2013 on account.ACCOUNT_ID = _2013.ACCOUNT_ID
where _2013.ACCOUNT_ID is null
order by account.ACCOUNT_ID;
\end{minted}
\small\begin{csv}
,ACCOUNT_ID
1,1
2,2
3,3
4,5
5,10
6,11
7,12
8,13
9,15
10,17
11,18
12,19
13,21
14,22
15,23
16,27
17,28
18,29
19,30
\end{csv}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
教材3.11 使用大学University数据库模式请用SQL写出如下查询。
a.找出至少选修了一门Comp. Sci.课程的每名学生的ID和姓名保证结果中没有重复的姓名。
b.找出没有选修2017年之前开设的任何课程的每名学生的ID和姓名。
c.找出每个系的教师的最高工资值。可以假设每个系至少有一位教师。
d.从前述查询所计算出的每个系的最高工资中选出所有系中的最低值。
}{}
{\kaishu
\begin{enumerate}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
select distinct ID, name
from course
left join takes using (course_id)
left join student using (ID)
left join department on course.dept_name = department.dept_name
where course.dept_name = "Comp. Sci.";
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
select ID, name
from student
where not exists(select *
from takes
where takes.ID = student.ID and year < 2017);
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
select dept_name, max(salary)
from instructor
group by dept_name;
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
with a as (select dept_name, max(salary) max_salary
from instructor
group by dept_name)
select *
from a
where max_salary = (select min(max_salary)
from a);
\end{minted}
\end{enumerate}
}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{imgs/2024-10-19-09-53-31.png}
\caption{大学数据库的模式图}
\end{figure}
\begin{verification}
教材的前言中介绍了官网:\url{https://db-book.com/},官网上可以下载示例数据:\url{https://db-book.com/university-lab-dir/sample_tables-dir/index.html},于是可以验证了。
\begin{minted}{SQL}
select distinct ID, name
from course
left join takes using (course_id)
left join student using (ID)
left join department on course.dept_name = department.dept_name
where course.dept_name = "Comp. Sci.";
select ID, name
from student
where not exists(select *
from takes
where takes.ID = student.ID
and year < 2017);
select dept_name, max(salary)
from instructor
group by dept_name;
with a as (select dept_name, max(salary) max_salary
from instructor
group by dept_name)
select *
from a
where max_salary = (select min(max_salary)
from a);
\end{minted}
\begin{csv}
,ID,name
1,00128,Zhang
2,12345,Shankar
3,45678,Levy
4,54321,Williams
5,76543,Brown
6,98765,Bourikas
\end{csv}
\begin{csv}
,ID,name
1,00128,Zhang
2,12345,Shankar
3,19991,Brandt
4,23121,Chavez
5,44553,Peltier
6,45678,Levy
7,54321,Williams
8,55739,Sanchez
9,70557,Snow
10,76543,Brown
11,76653,Aoi
12,98765,Bourikas
13,98988,Tanaka
\end{csv}
\begin{csv}
,dept_name,max(salary)
1,Biology,72000.00
2,Comp. Sci.,92000.00
3,Elec. Eng.,80000.00
4,Finance,90000.00
5,History,62000.00
6,Music,40000.00
7,Physics,95000.00
\end{csv}
\begin{csv}
,dept_name,max_salary
1,Music,40000.00
\end{csv}
\end{verification}
\questionandanswer[]{
教材3.16:考虑图 \ref{fig:3-19} 中的雇员数据库其中主码被加了下划线。请给出下面每个查询的SQL表达式
a.找出每位这样的雇员的ID和姓名:该雇员所居住的城市与其工作的公司所在城市一样。
b.找出所居住的城市和街道与其经理相同的每位雇员的ID和姓名。
c.找出工资高于其所在公司所有雇员平均工资的每位雇员的ID和姓名。
d.找出工资总和最小的公司。
}{}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{imgs/2024-10-19-14-28-27.png}
\caption{雇员数据库}\label{fig:3-19}
\end{figure}
{\kaishu
\begin{enumerate}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
select ID, person_name
from employee
join works using (ID)
join company using (company_name)
where employee.city = company.city;
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
select subordinate.ID, subordinate.person_name
from manages
join employee as subordinate using (ID)
join employee as superior on manages.manager_id = superior.ID
where superior.street = subordinate.street
and superior.city = subordinate.city;
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
-- 这里假设employee.ID <--> works.ID 是一一对应的关系
select ID, person_name
from works
join (select company_name, avg(salary) as avg_salary
from works
group by company_name) as a using (company_name)
join employee using (ID)
where works.salary > a.avg_salary;
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
with a as (select company_name, sum(salary) as sum_salary
from company
join works using (company_name)
group by company_name)
select company_name
from a
where sum_salary = (select min(sum_salary) from a);
\end{minted}
\end{enumerate}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
教材3.17:考虑图 \ref{fig:3-19} 中的雇员数据库。请给出下面每个查询的SQL表达式。
a.为“First Bank Corporation"的所有雇员增长10\%的工资。
b.为“First Bank Corporation”的所有经理增长10\%的工资。
c.删除“Small Bank Corporation"的雇员在works关系中的所有元组。
}{}
{\kaishu
\begin{enumerate}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
update works
set salary = salary * 1.1
where company_name = "First Bank Corporation";
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
update works
join manages on works.ID = manages.manager_id
set salary = salary * 1.1
where company_name = "First Bank Corporation";
\end{minted}
\item \begin{minted}{SQL}
delete from works
where company_name = "Small Bank Corporation";
\end{minted}
\end{enumerate}
}
\questionandanswer[]{
教材3.18:请给出图 \ref{fig:3-19} 的雇员数据库的SQL模式定义。为每个属性选择合适的域并为每个关系模式选择合适的主码。引人任何合理的外码约束。
}{}
{\kaishu
\begin{minted}{SQL}
create table employee
(
ID varchar(10) primary key,
person_name varchar(100),
street varchar(100),
city varchar(100)
);
create table works
(
ID varchar(10) primary key,
company_name varchar(100),
salary decimal(8, 2)
);
create table company
(
company_name varchar(100) primary key,
city varchar(100)
);
create table manages
(
ID varchar(10) primary key,
manager_id varchar(10)
);
alter table works
add (foreign key (company_name) references company (company_name),
foreign key (ID) references employee (ID));
alter table manages
add (foreign key (manager_id) references employee (ID),
foreign key (ID) references employee (ID));
\end{minted}
}
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}